Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Indonesian Law: Implementation and Effectiveness
Keywords:
Environmental impact assessment, Stakeholder engagement, Environmental monitoring, Sustainable decision-making
Abstract
Aim: This study examines the implementation and effectiveness of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process in Indonesia. The research aims to assess the outcomes of the EIA process by analyzing selected case studies across various sectors and regions. It also identifies contextual factors influencing EIA implementation and proposes recommendations to improve its effectiveness.
Methodology: The current study employed a literature review approach to assess the implementation and effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Indonesian law.
Findings: The findings indicate positive outcomes in terms of impact identification and implementation of mitigation measures. However, challenges remain in stakeholder engagement, monitoring and enforcement, and integrating EIA outcomes into decision-making processes. To address these issues, recommendations are made, including strengthening the legal framework, promoting meaningful stakeholder engagement, enhancing capacity and expertise, integrating EIA outcomes into decision-making, and improving monitoring and compliance mechanisms. The study concludes by highlighting the need to consider Indonesia’s unique socio-political context and environmental challenges in improving
the effectiveness of the EIA process.
Implications/Novel Contribution: The current study provide insights into the challenges faced by Indonesia and propose contextually appropriate recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of the EIA process.
References
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Wijayanto, A., Wiraraja, H. A., & Idris, S. A. (2022). Forest fire and environmental damage: The Indonesian legal policy and law enforcement. Unnes Law Journal: Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang, 8(1), 105–132. doi:https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v7i1.52812
Yu, K. H., Zhang, Y., Li, D., Montenegro-Marin, C. E., & Kumar, P. M. (2021). Environmental planning based on reduce, reuse, recycle and recover using artificial intelligence. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 86, 106492. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106492
Castelblanco, G., Guevara, J., Rojas, D., Correa, J., & Verhoest, K. (2023). Environmental impact assessment effectiveness in public–private partnerships: Study on the colombian toll road program. Journal of Management in Engineering, 39(2), 05023002. doi:https://doi.org/10.1061/JMENEA.MEENG-5015
Chaiyakot, P., Visuthismajarn, P., Singsaktrakul, P., Pakongsup, P., & Chomphusri, T. (2022). Resilience among Thai Hosts in Andaman sea area during Covid-19: Study community based tourism. Pakistan Journal of Life & Social Sciences, 20(2), 213-225.
Chusururi, M. A. M., Ravelia, D., Brahmanu, W. S., Ahmadi, F. N., Noerochiem, L., & Kurniawan, B. A. (2018). Comparison of corrosion inhibitor performance based on green corrosion inhibitor of extract leaf tobacco and commercial imidazoline inhibitor in a sweet environment at carbon steel AISI 1045 in NaCl 3.5% solution. Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, 4(1), 14-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.20474/japs-4.1.3
Dias, A. M., Cook, C., Massara, R. L., & Paglia, A. P. (2022). Are environmental impact assessments effectively addressing the biodiversity issues in brazil? Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 95, 106801. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2022.106801
Hall, R., Topham, E., & João, E. (2022). Environmental impact assessment for the decommissioning of offshore wind farms. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 165, 112580. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112580
Indrayanti, K. W. (2023). Law enforcement of reclamation and post coal mining policy in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 6(1), 10–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i1.717
Kor, L., O’Hickey, B., Hanson, M., & Coroi, M. (2022). Assessing habitat connectivity in environmental impact assessment: A case-study in the UK context. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 40(6), 495–506. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14615517.2022.2128557
Mahardika, E. R., & Bayu, M. A. (2022). Legal politics of indonesian environmental management: Discourse between maintaining environmental sustainability and economic interests. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development, 1(1), 1–28.
Malek, J. A., Hanafi, N., Tahir, Z., & Baharudin, R. A. (2020). Assessing the impact of university ambassador program through social innovation for rural community development in Malaysia. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 6(5), 186-194. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.6.20002-5
Mooneeapen, O., Abhayawansa, S., & Mamode Khan, N. (2022). The influence of the country governance environment on corporate Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) performance. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 13(4), 953–985. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-07-2021-0298
Munfarida, I., Nilandita, W., & Auvaria, S. (2022). An environmental impact assessment of geothermal tourism: A case study of awit sinar alam darajat, garut-indonesia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Semarang, Indonesia. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1098/1/012035
Mustofa, A., Solihin, A., Desyana, C., & Hardianto, B. (2022). Study of law on indonesian migrant fishers’ protection in foreign fishing vessels. In Iop conference series: Earth and environmental science. Bogor, Indonesia. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/967/1/012013
Nita, A., Fineran, S., & Rozylowicz, L. (2022). Researchers’ perspective on the main strengths and weaknesses of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedures. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 92, 106690. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2021.106690
Nugraheni, P. D., & Aime, A. F. (2022). Environmental law enforcement in Indonesia through civil law: Between justice and legal certainty. The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education, 4(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.15294/ijicle.v4i1.55763
Rathi, A. K. A. (2023). Integration of the standalone ‘risk assessment’section in project level environmental impact assessment reports for value addition: An Indian case analysis. Sustainability, 15(3), 2296. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032296
Reynolds, A. (2023). Conservation after the fact: The prevalence of post-approval condition-setting in environmental impact assessment processes in Australia and its implications for achieving ecologically sustainable development outcomes. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 99, 107032. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2022.107032
Rosário, A. T., Raimundo, R. J., & Cruz, S. P. (2022). Sustainable entrepreneurship: A literature review. Sustainability, 14(9), 5556. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095556
Rum, I. A., Tukker, A., de Koning, A., & Yusuf, A. A. (2022). Impact assessment of the EU import ban on indonesian palm oil: Using environmental extended multi-scale MRIO. Science of The Total Environment, 853, 158695. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158695
Safdar, S., Khan, A., & Andlib, Z. (2022). Impact of good governance and natural resource rent on economic and environmental sustainability: An empirical analysis for South Asian economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(55), 82948–82965. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21401-9
Shahbaz, M., Jam, F. A., Bibi, S., & Loganathan, N. (2016). Multivariate granger causality between co2 emissions, energy intensity and economic growth in portugal: evidence from cointegration and causality analysis. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 22(1), 47-74.
Shammi, M., Halder, P. K., Tareq, S. M., Rahman, M. M., & Kabir, Z. (2022). From environmental impact assessment to strategic environmental assessment in Bangladesh: Evolution, perspective, governance and challenges. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 97, 106890. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2022.106890
Sharpe, S., Retamal, M., & Martinez-Fernandez, M. C. (2022). Assessing the impact: Environmental impact assessment in the textile and garment sector in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia and Viet Nam (ILO working paper no. 51). Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Organization (ILO).
Wakhidah, N., & Erman, E. (2022). Examining environmental education content on indonesian islamic religious curriculum and its implementation in life. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2034244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2034244
Wang, J., Ulibarri, N., Scott, T. A., & Davis, S. J. (2023). Environmental justice, infrastructure provisioning, and environmental impact assessment: Evidence from the california environmental quality act. Environmental Science & Policy, 146, 66–75. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2023.05.003
Wijayanto, A., Wiraraja, H. A., & Idris, S. A. (2022). Forest fire and environmental damage: The Indonesian legal policy and law enforcement. Unnes Law Journal: Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang, 8(1), 105–132. doi:https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v7i1.52812
Yu, K. H., Zhang, Y., Li, D., Montenegro-Marin, C. E., & Kumar, P. M. (2021). Environmental planning based on reduce, reuse, recycle and recover using artificial intelligence. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 86, 106492. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106492
Published
2023-06-19
Section
Articles
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