Ibn Khaldun on discipline
Keywords:
Ibn Khaldun, Discipline, Asabiyyah, Social solidarity, Luxury
Abstract
Aim: This paper looks at Ibn Khaldun’s main works to see what he says about discipline. It argues that it is the central idea behind his studies of cultural, economic, and social phenomena. This demonstrates, more narrowly, that discipline is major to his widely acclaimed analysis of asabiyyah.
Method: What follows is a survey of a selection of these studies, illustrating how they incorporate discipline into their analyses and interpretations of asabiyyah.
Findings: Subordination of self-interest to group interest, obedience to social orders, self-denial, and self-] restraint are all themes that emerge from his substantive writings as central aspects of the discipline. The texts also demonstrate how unquestioned an assumption Ibn Khaldun makes about the incompatibility of discipline and luxury.
Implications/Novel Contribution: One of the most important areas of study to which Abdurrahman Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) devoted his time and energy was asabiyyah (social solidarity). This study expands our understanding of Ibn Khaldun’s writings significantly.
References
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Alatas, S. (2013). Ibn Khaldun. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Alatas, S. F. (2006a). Ibn Khaldun and contemporary sociology. ¯ International Sociology, 21(6), 782-795. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580906067790
Alatas, S. F. (2006b). A khaldunian exemplar for a historical sociology for the south. Current Sociology, 54(3), 397-411. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392106063189
Alatas, S. F. (2014). Applying Ibn Khaldun: The recovery of a lost tradition in sociology ¯ . London, UK: Routledge.
Alatas, S. F. (2017). Luxury, state and society: The theme of enslavement in Ibn Khaldun. Journal of Historical Sociology, 30(1), 67-76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12152
Alatas, S. F., & Sinha, V. (2017). Sociological theory beyond the canon. London, UK: Springer.
Al-Katabi, Y. (2011). Ibn Khaldun: The founder of sociology. Cairo, Egypt: Dar Alkitab Al-Hdeeth.
Al-Mamni, S. (2010). Ibn Khaldun and sociology of humanity. Safaqis, Tunisia: Dar Amal for Publications and Distributions.
Ayyash, M. M. (2017). Rethinking the social-political through Ibn Khaldûn and Aristotle. Interventions, 19(8), 1193-1209. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2017.1347054
Baali, F. (1988). Society, state, and urbanism: Ibn Khaldun’s sociological thought. Albany, NY: Suny Press.
Çaksu, A. (2017). Ibn Khaldun and philosophy: Causality in history. Journal of Historical Sociology, 30(1), 27-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12149
Chabane, D. (2008). The structure of umran al-alam of Ibn Khaldun. The Journal of North African Studies, 13(3), 331-349. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13629380701844656
Coggins, B. (2014). Power politics and state formation in the twentieth century: The dynamics of recognition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
El-Kholei, A. O. (2019). Ibn Khalduns ilm al umran: A model for planning the sustainable city in the Arab region. International Journal of Architectural Research, 6(9), 45-60.
Enan, M. (2007). Ibn Khaldun: His life and works. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia: Other Press.
Fromherz, A. (2011). Ibn Khaldun: Life and times. Edingburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press Ltd.
Gürkan, S. L. (2017). Some implications of Ibn Khalduns Approach to the History of the People of Israel: The relationship between Asabiyyah and Chosenness. Journal of Faculty of Theology, Sakarya University/Sakarya Üniversitesi Ilahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(35), 103-119.
Hakiki, N. (1983). Khaldunism: Social sciences and the foundation of political athority. Beirut, Lebanon: Oueidat Publications.
Hasan, Z. (2007). Labour as a source of value and capital formation: Ibn Khaldun, Ricardo, and Marx A comparison. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, 20(2), 45-60.
Hashemi, M. (2019). Bedouins of silicon valley: A neo-Khaldunian approach to sociology of technology. The Sociological Review, 67(3), 536-551. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118822823
Hassanzadeh, N. (2020). Realism and its limitations for Ibn Khaldun. ¯ The Journal of North African Studies, 25(4), 523-544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2019.1613982
Hopley, R. (2016). Plague, demographic upheaval and civilisational Decline: Ibn Khaldun and Muhammad -al-Shaqur¯ ¯ı on the Black Death in North Africa and Islamic Spain. Landscapes, 17(2), 171-184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251035
Ibn Khaldun, A. (1989). The muqaddimha: An introduction to history. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ibn Khaldun, A. (2008). An arab philosophy of history. selections from the prolegomena of the Ibn Khaldun of
Tunis (1332-1406). Princeton, NJ: The Darwin Press, Inc.
Ibn Khaldun, A. (2017). The muqaddimha: An introduction to history. Cairo, Egypt: Nahdat Moser.
Ingole, A. (2015). Revisiting assabiyyah in Ibn Khalduns muqadimmah: Explaining the recalcitrance of social solidarity in the political. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 10(1), 33-40.
Katsiaficas, G. (1999). Ibn Khaldun: A dialectical philosopher for the 21st century. New Political Science, 21(1), 45-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393149908429851
Lacoste, Y. (1984). Ibn Khaldun: The birth of history and the past of the third world. London, UK: Verso.
Maleševic, S. (2015). Where does group solidarity come from? Gellner and Ibn Khaldun revisited. ´ Thesis Eleven,128(1), 85-99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513615587415
Muftah, A. A. (2011). The philosophy of man and Ibn Khaldun. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Ilmiyah.
Orhan, M. (2018). Political violence, asabiyya and identity. Identities, 25(3), 266-283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2016.1233878
Palop, J. J., Mucke, L., & Roberson, E. D. (2010). Quantifying biomarkers of cognitive dysfunction and neuronal network hyperexcitability in mouse models of Alzheimers disease: Depletion of calcium-dependent proteins and inhibitory hippocampal remodeling. In, Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. London, UK: Springer.
Pocock, J. (2019). Two essays I: The desert and the city: Reading the history of civilisation in Ibn Khaldun after Edward Gibbon. II. Rational enthusiasm and angelicality: The concept of prophecy in Ibn Khaldun and Edward Gibbon. History of European Ideas, 45(4), 469-508. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2018 .1463675
Rashwan, H. (2008). Sociology of Ibn Khaldun and auguste comte. Alexandria, Egypt: Al-Maktab Al-Jamie Alhadeeth.
Ritzer, G. (2007). The blackwell encyclopedia of sociology. New York, NY: Blackwell Publishing.
Ritzer, G., & Stepnisky, J. (2018). Classical sociological theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Simmons, A. (2006). Theories of the state. In D. Rutherford (Ed.), The cambridge companion to early modern philosophy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Uniersity Press.
Stepan, A. (2008). Comparative theory and political practice: Do we need a state-nationmodel as well as a nation-statemodel? 1. Government and Opposition, 43(1), 1-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/ren.2007.0441
Van, D. B. J. (2016). None of the kings on earth is their equal in aabiyya: The Mongols in Ibn Khaldun’s works. Al-Masaq¯ , 28(2), 171-186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2016.1198535
Wu, A. A. (2017). A study on learning achievement of integrated songs of Chinese history dynasties into Chinese language teaching at third grade in junior college. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 3(5), 192-196. doi:https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.3.20001-5
Yalvaç, F. (2016). Ibn Khaldûns historical sociology and the concept of change in international relations theory. In, Islam and international relations. New York, NY: Springer.
Alatas, S. (2013). Ibn Khaldun. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Alatas, S. F. (2006a). Ibn Khaldun and contemporary sociology. ¯ International Sociology, 21(6), 782-795. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580906067790
Alatas, S. F. (2006b). A khaldunian exemplar for a historical sociology for the south. Current Sociology, 54(3), 397-411. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392106063189
Alatas, S. F. (2014). Applying Ibn Khaldun: The recovery of a lost tradition in sociology ¯ . London, UK: Routledge.
Alatas, S. F. (2017). Luxury, state and society: The theme of enslavement in Ibn Khaldun. Journal of Historical Sociology, 30(1), 67-76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12152
Alatas, S. F., & Sinha, V. (2017). Sociological theory beyond the canon. London, UK: Springer.
Al-Katabi, Y. (2011). Ibn Khaldun: The founder of sociology. Cairo, Egypt: Dar Alkitab Al-Hdeeth.
Al-Mamni, S. (2010). Ibn Khaldun and sociology of humanity. Safaqis, Tunisia: Dar Amal for Publications and Distributions.
Ayyash, M. M. (2017). Rethinking the social-political through Ibn Khaldûn and Aristotle. Interventions, 19(8), 1193-1209. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2017.1347054
Baali, F. (1988). Society, state, and urbanism: Ibn Khaldun’s sociological thought. Albany, NY: Suny Press.
Çaksu, A. (2017). Ibn Khaldun and philosophy: Causality in history. Journal of Historical Sociology, 30(1), 27-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12149
Chabane, D. (2008). The structure of umran al-alam of Ibn Khaldun. The Journal of North African Studies, 13(3), 331-349. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13629380701844656
Coggins, B. (2014). Power politics and state formation in the twentieth century: The dynamics of recognition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
El-Kholei, A. O. (2019). Ibn Khalduns ilm al umran: A model for planning the sustainable city in the Arab region. International Journal of Architectural Research, 6(9), 45-60.
Enan, M. (2007). Ibn Khaldun: His life and works. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia: Other Press.
Fromherz, A. (2011). Ibn Khaldun: Life and times. Edingburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press Ltd.
Gürkan, S. L. (2017). Some implications of Ibn Khalduns Approach to the History of the People of Israel: The relationship between Asabiyyah and Chosenness. Journal of Faculty of Theology, Sakarya University/Sakarya Üniversitesi Ilahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(35), 103-119.
Hakiki, N. (1983). Khaldunism: Social sciences and the foundation of political athority. Beirut, Lebanon: Oueidat Publications.
Hasan, Z. (2007). Labour as a source of value and capital formation: Ibn Khaldun, Ricardo, and Marx A comparison. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, 20(2), 45-60.
Hashemi, M. (2019). Bedouins of silicon valley: A neo-Khaldunian approach to sociology of technology. The Sociological Review, 67(3), 536-551. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118822823
Hassanzadeh, N. (2020). Realism and its limitations for Ibn Khaldun. ¯ The Journal of North African Studies, 25(4), 523-544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2019.1613982
Hopley, R. (2016). Plague, demographic upheaval and civilisational Decline: Ibn Khaldun and Muhammad -al-Shaqur¯ ¯ı on the Black Death in North Africa and Islamic Spain. Landscapes, 17(2), 171-184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14662035.2016.1251035
Ibn Khaldun, A. (1989). The muqaddimha: An introduction to history. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ibn Khaldun, A. (2008). An arab philosophy of history. selections from the prolegomena of the Ibn Khaldun of
Tunis (1332-1406). Princeton, NJ: The Darwin Press, Inc.
Ibn Khaldun, A. (2017). The muqaddimha: An introduction to history. Cairo, Egypt: Nahdat Moser.
Ingole, A. (2015). Revisiting assabiyyah in Ibn Khalduns muqadimmah: Explaining the recalcitrance of social solidarity in the political. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 10(1), 33-40.
Katsiaficas, G. (1999). Ibn Khaldun: A dialectical philosopher for the 21st century. New Political Science, 21(1), 45-57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393149908429851
Lacoste, Y. (1984). Ibn Khaldun: The birth of history and the past of the third world. London, UK: Verso.
Maleševic, S. (2015). Where does group solidarity come from? Gellner and Ibn Khaldun revisited. ´ Thesis Eleven,128(1), 85-99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513615587415
Muftah, A. A. (2011). The philosophy of man and Ibn Khaldun. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Ilmiyah.
Orhan, M. (2018). Political violence, asabiyya and identity. Identities, 25(3), 266-283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2016.1233878
Palop, J. J., Mucke, L., & Roberson, E. D. (2010). Quantifying biomarkers of cognitive dysfunction and neuronal network hyperexcitability in mouse models of Alzheimers disease: Depletion of calcium-dependent proteins and inhibitory hippocampal remodeling. In, Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. London, UK: Springer.
Pocock, J. (2019). Two essays I: The desert and the city: Reading the history of civilisation in Ibn Khaldun after Edward Gibbon. II. Rational enthusiasm and angelicality: The concept of prophecy in Ibn Khaldun and Edward Gibbon. History of European Ideas, 45(4), 469-508. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2018 .1463675
Rashwan, H. (2008). Sociology of Ibn Khaldun and auguste comte. Alexandria, Egypt: Al-Maktab Al-Jamie Alhadeeth.
Ritzer, G. (2007). The blackwell encyclopedia of sociology. New York, NY: Blackwell Publishing.
Ritzer, G., & Stepnisky, J. (2018). Classical sociological theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Simmons, A. (2006). Theories of the state. In D. Rutherford (Ed.), The cambridge companion to early modern philosophy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Uniersity Press.
Stepan, A. (2008). Comparative theory and political practice: Do we need a state-nationmodel as well as a nation-statemodel? 1. Government and Opposition, 43(1), 1-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/ren.2007.0441
Van, D. B. J. (2016). None of the kings on earth is their equal in aabiyya: The Mongols in Ibn Khaldun’s works. Al-Masaq¯ , 28(2), 171-186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2016.1198535
Wu, A. A. (2017). A study on learning achievement of integrated songs of Chinese history dynasties into Chinese language teaching at third grade in junior college. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 3(5), 192-196. doi:https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.3.20001-5
Yalvaç, F. (2016). Ibn Khaldûns historical sociology and the concept of change in international relations theory. In, Islam and international relations. New York, NY: Springer.
Published
2020-08-28
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Articles
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