Adolescents disposition towards stress and perception that their failure depends upon their peers
Keywords:
Adolescents, Peer pressure, Acceptance, Success, Failure
Abstract
Aim: This paper seeks to understand whether or not adolescents’ success and failure are determined by their peers and whether or not adolescents are pressured by their friends.
Method: Chandigarh, India, public and private institution cross-sectional study. Chandigarh’s eighth, ninth, and tenth graders provided the samples. One thousand students from each of the city of Chandigarh’s 20 public and 20 private schools provided a total of 50 samples. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 was used for the data entry. Frequency tables, charts, and cross tables were used in the analysis. The chi-square test and the correlation coefficient were used to determine the degree of significance between the variables.
Findings: Adolescents can’t imagine life without their peers, who play a pivotal role in shaping their identities and behaviors. Close friends share a special bond based on their interests, passions, and worries. Adolescents will resort to strategies to gain their peers’ respect and acceptance. They are constantly influenced by their peers and adopt their attitudes, behaviors, and practices. Involvement in social circles is crucial, but it comes with a heavy price: one’s social standing among their contemporaries can determine success or failure. They are constantly pressured to conform to the norms of their peers and are often teased or picked on if they don’t. Adolescents are especially vulnerable to the effects of peer pressure because their success or failure often depends on their peers.
Implications/Novel Contribution: Adolescents will be able to use the findings to better understand the impact of peer pressure on decision-making. Thanks to the findings, parents will be better equipped to help their children overcome behavioral and social difficulties. They also give their kids the space and direction they need to become independent, responsible adults.
References
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Chen, J. J.-L. (2008). Grade-level differences: Relations of parental, teacher and peer support to academic engagement and achievement among Hong Kong students. School Psychology International, 29(2), 183-198.
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Kindermann, T. (2016). Peer group influences on students academic motivation. In, Handbook of social influences in school contexts: Social-emotional, motivation, and cognitive outcomes. New York, NY: Routledge.
Kiran-Esen, B. (2012). Analyzing peer pressure and self-efficacy expectations among adolescents. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 40(8), 1301-1309. doi:https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.8.1301
Kirk, A. M. (2000). Riding the bull: Experience with individual market reform in Washington, Kentucky, and Massachusetts. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 25(1), 133-173.
Kobus, K. (2003). Peers and adolescent smoking. Addiction, 98, 37-55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.98.s1.4.x
Leka, I. (2015). The impact of peer relations in the academic process among adolescents. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1 S1), 127-127.
Lerner, R. M. (1982). Children and adolescents as producers of their own development. Developmental Review, 2(4), 342-370. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90018-1
Marsh, H. W., & Byrne, B. M. (1993). Do we see ourselves as others infer: A comparison of self-other agreement on multiple dimensions of self-concept from two continents. Australian Journal of Psychology, 45(1), 49-58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00049539308259118
Masuo, D., & Cheang, M. (2017). Disconnect between parents values for saving and actual savings behavior: Impact on childrens education and financial decision-making. Journal of Advances in Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 332-339. doi:https://doi.org/10.20474/jahss-3.6.5
Mishra, A., & Sharma, A. (2001). A clinico-social study of psychiatric morbidity in 12 to 18 years school going girls in urban Delhi. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 26(2), 71-82.
Robin, R. W., Trzesniewski, K., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 17(5), 423-434. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-79974.17.3.423
Robins, R. W., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2005). Self-esteem development across the lifespan. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(3), 158-162. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00353.x
Sarah, G. (2017). Growing up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) annual statistical report 2017. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3mEKJUc
Shavelson, R. J., Hubner, J. J., & Stanton, G. C. (1976). Self-concept: Validation of construct interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46(3), 407-441. doi:https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543046003407
Spavin, E. A. (2007). Friendship quality and peer attachment as predictor of adolescents subsequent academic achievement. Virginia, VA: University of Virginia Press.
Spear, H., & Kulbok, P. (2001). Peer pressure. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3jHu3JO
Steinberg, L., & Monahan, K. C. (2007). Age differences in resistance to peer influence. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1531–1534. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1531
Sun, J., Dunne, M. P., Hou, X. Y., & Xu, A. Q. (2013). Educational stress among Chinese adolescents: Individual, family, school and peer influences. Educational Review, 65(3), 284-302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2012.659657
Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271-324. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x
Uslu, M. (2013). Relationship between degrees of self-esteem and peer pressure in high school adolescents. International Journal of Academic Research, 5(3), 117-122. doi:https://doi.org/10.7813/2075-4124.2013/5-3/B.19
Wentzel, K. R. (1991). Relations between social competence and academic achievement in early adolescence. Child Development, 62(5), 1066-1078. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01589.x
Zimmerman, M. A., Copeland, L. A., & Dielman, T. E. (1997). A longitudinal study of self-esteem: Implications for adolescent development. Journal of youth and Adolescence, 26(2), 117-141. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024596313925
Bandzeladze, T., & Arutiunov, L. (2020). Peer pressure and adolescents problem behavior. Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1), 31-36. doi:https://doi.org/10.26500/jarssh-05-2020-0104
Berndt, T. J., & Ladd, G. W. (1989). Peer relationships in child development. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Boehnke, K. (2008). Peer pressure: A cause of scholastic underachievement? A cross-cultural study of mathematical achievement among German, Canadian, and Israeli middle school students. Social Psychology of Education, 11(2), 149-160. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-007-9041-ZD.
Brown, B. B. (2013). Adolescents, organized activities, and peers: Knowledge gained and knowledge needed. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2013(140), 77-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20038
Brown, B. B., Lohr, M. J., & McClenahan, E. L. (1986). Early adolescents’ perceptions of peer pressure. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 6(2), 139-154. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431686062005
Burns, A., & Darling, N. (2002). Peer pressure is not peer influence. The Education Digest, 68(2), 4-10.
Chen, J. J.-L. (2008). Grade-level differences: Relations of parental, teacher and peer support to academic engagement and achievement among Hong Kong students. School Psychology International, 29(2), 183-198.
Clasen, D. R., & Brown, B. B. (1985). The multidimensionality of peer pressure in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 14(6), 451-468. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02139520
Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., & Coppotelli, H. (1982). Dimensions and types of social status: A cross-age perspective. Developmental Psychology, 18(4), 557-570. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.18.4.557
Cortell, J. (2007). Social network in youth and adolescence. New York, NY: Routledge.
Dumas, T. M., Ellis, W. E., & Wolfe, D. A. (2012). Identity development as a buffer of adolescent risk behaviors in the context of peer group pressure and control. Journal of Adolescence, 35(4), 917-927. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.12.012
Furrer, C., & Skinner, E. (2003). Sense of relatedness as a factor in children’s academic engagement and performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(1), 148-160. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.1.148
Ginsburg, G. S., La Greca, A. M., & Silverman, W. K. (1998). Social anxiety in children with anxiety disorders: Relation with social and emotional functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(3), 175-185. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022668101048
Gorrese, A., & Ruggieri, R. (2012). Peer attachment: A meta-analytic review of gender and age differences and associations with parent attachment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(5), 650-672. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9759-6
Griffin, K. W., Botvin, G. J., Scheier, L. M., Diaz, T., & Miller, N. L. (2000). Parenting practices as predictors of substance use, delinquency, and aggression among urban minority youth: Moderating effects of family structure and gender. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 14(2), 174-184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/
0893-164X.14.2.174
Gulati, S. (2017). Impact of peer pressure on buying behavior. Journal of Research-Granthaalayah, 5(6), 280-291. doi:https://doi.org/10.5281?zenodo.820988
Guo, H., Yang, W., Cao, Y., Li, J., & Siegrist, J. (2014). Effort-reward imbalance at school and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: The role of family socioeconomic status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(6), 6085-6098. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110606085
Harter, S. (1999). The construction of the self: A developmental perspective. New York, NY: Guilford Publications, Inc.
Heatherton, T., & Tice, D. M. (1994). Losing control: How and why people fail at self-regulation. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc.
Jayanthi, P., Thirunavukarasu, M., & Rajkumar, R. (2015). Academic stress and depression among adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Indian Pediatrics, 52(3), 217-219. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-015-0609-y
Kindermann, T. (2016). Peer group influences on students academic motivation. In, Handbook of social influences in school contexts: Social-emotional, motivation, and cognitive outcomes. New York, NY: Routledge.
Kiran-Esen, B. (2012). Analyzing peer pressure and self-efficacy expectations among adolescents. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 40(8), 1301-1309. doi:https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.8.1301
Kirk, A. M. (2000). Riding the bull: Experience with individual market reform in Washington, Kentucky, and Massachusetts. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 25(1), 133-173.
Kobus, K. (2003). Peers and adolescent smoking. Addiction, 98, 37-55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.98.s1.4.x
Leka, I. (2015). The impact of peer relations in the academic process among adolescents. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1 S1), 127-127.
Lerner, R. M. (1982). Children and adolescents as producers of their own development. Developmental Review, 2(4), 342-370. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90018-1
Marsh, H. W., & Byrne, B. M. (1993). Do we see ourselves as others infer: A comparison of self-other agreement on multiple dimensions of self-concept from two continents. Australian Journal of Psychology, 45(1), 49-58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00049539308259118
Masuo, D., & Cheang, M. (2017). Disconnect between parents values for saving and actual savings behavior: Impact on childrens education and financial decision-making. Journal of Advances in Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 332-339. doi:https://doi.org/10.20474/jahss-3.6.5
Mishra, A., & Sharma, A. (2001). A clinico-social study of psychiatric morbidity in 12 to 18 years school going girls in urban Delhi. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 26(2), 71-82.
Robin, R. W., Trzesniewski, K., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 17(5), 423-434. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-79974.17.3.423
Robins, R. W., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2005). Self-esteem development across the lifespan. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(3), 158-162. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00353.x
Sarah, G. (2017). Growing up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) annual statistical report 2017. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3mEKJUc
Shavelson, R. J., Hubner, J. J., & Stanton, G. C. (1976). Self-concept: Validation of construct interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46(3), 407-441. doi:https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543046003407
Spavin, E. A. (2007). Friendship quality and peer attachment as predictor of adolescents subsequent academic achievement. Virginia, VA: University of Virginia Press.
Spear, H., & Kulbok, P. (2001). Peer pressure. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3jHu3JO
Steinberg, L., & Monahan, K. C. (2007). Age differences in resistance to peer influence. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1531–1534. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1531
Sun, J., Dunne, M. P., Hou, X. Y., & Xu, A. Q. (2013). Educational stress among Chinese adolescents: Individual, family, school and peer influences. Educational Review, 65(3), 284-302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2012.659657
Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271-324. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x
Uslu, M. (2013). Relationship between degrees of self-esteem and peer pressure in high school adolescents. International Journal of Academic Research, 5(3), 117-122. doi:https://doi.org/10.7813/2075-4124.2013/5-3/B.19
Wentzel, K. R. (1991). Relations between social competence and academic achievement in early adolescence. Child Development, 62(5), 1066-1078. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01589.x
Zimmerman, M. A., Copeland, L. A., & Dielman, T. E. (1997). A longitudinal study of self-esteem: Implications for adolescent development. Journal of youth and Adolescence, 26(2), 117-141. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024596313925
Published
2020-10-29
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Articles
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